• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A forage harvester (10) is equipped with a chopper drum (26) equipped with knives (34) and a grinding device (120), which extends over the width of the chopper drum (26) and is designed as a belt grinder, for sharpening the knives (34) of the chopper drum (26) fitted.
    公开号:BE1026408A9
    申请号:E20190052
    申请日:2019-06-13
    公开日:2020-02-27
    发明作者:Gerd Schoerry
    申请人:Deere & Co；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    description
    The invention relates to a forage harvester with a chopper drum and a grinding device.
    State of the art
    Forage harvesters are used to harvest plants from a field, which are picked up or cut off during the harvesting process, chopped and transferred to a transport vehicle. The chopped plants usually serve as feed for animals or are used in biogas plants.
    Since the knives of the chopper drum gradually become dull during the harvesting process, forage harvesters include grinding devices so that the knives can be sharpened again if necessary. Such a grinding device is described, for example, in US Pat. No. 4,843,767, according to which a grinding stone is moved back and forth at a constant speed over the width of the chopping drum. The grindstone is supported on a relatively large diameter tube. However, experience shows that the chopper drum is ground to a greater extent at its outer ends than in the middle, which among other things. is caused by the flexibility of the pipe holding the grindstone. In the end, the chopper drum is not exactly cylindrical, but rather barrel-shaped. This shape makes it difficult to set the shear bar spacing.
    The state of the art also includes grinding devices for forage harvesters with grinding stones that extend over the entire width of the chopping drum. For this purpose, the state of the art according to DE 33 32 559 A1 with one around its
    BE2019 / 0052
    Longitudinal axis rotating grindstone and US 4 603 513 A and US 4 031 670 A each refer to a fixed grindstone. Such grinding devices, apparently due to the high cost, especially for the very large grindstone, have not become established in practice.
    task
    The object on which the invention is based is seen in providing a forage harvester which is improved compared to the prior art.
    solution
    This object is achieved by the teaching of claim 1, with features listed in the further claims that further develop the solution in an advantageous manner.
    A forage harvester is equipped with a chopper drum equipped with knives and a grinding device extending over the width of the chopper drum for sharpening the knives of the chopper drum, the grinding device being designed as a belt grinder. In this way, the knives of the chopper drum can be ground evenly over their entire width with little effort. A precisely cylindrical shape of the chopper drum is obtained, which makes it easier to adjust the position of the shear bar. The cut quality is also improved.
    The grinding device comprises a first and a second deflection roller, around which a belt equipped with grinding bodies rotates on the outside, one of the deflection rollers being able to be set in rotation by a (e.g. electromotive or hydraulic) drive with a fixed or variable speed.
    BE2019 / 0052
    The deflection rollers can be adjusted jointly by a single actuator or separately in the radial direction of the chopper drum by two actuators. In the former case, the deflection rollers can be mounted in parallel by a suitable mechanism. The actuator or actuators can be driven electrically or hydraulically.
    Between the deflection rollers, a support element mechanically coupled to the deflection rollers can extend adjacent to the outer circumference of the chopper drum on the inside of the belt over the width of the chopper drum and support the belt against the chopper drum in the grinding operation.
    The deflection rollers can be adjusted by actuators which can be controlled by a control device based on signals from (in particular pressure-force or noise-based) sensors for detecting contact between the belt and the knives. In this case, methods known per se can be used which have hitherto been used for setting counter-cutting edges (cf. DE 10 2013 201 633 B3 and the prior art cited therein). The positioning of the actuators can therefore be carried out in a manner known per se using sensors which detect the contact of the grinding device with the knives of the chopper drum and then the grinding device is cyclically fed to the chopper drum and finally for a while at the last position reached for finishing calmly. Ultimately, i.e. at the end of the grinding process, the grinding device can be removed from the chopper drum. This approach can be used with any type of grindstone that spans the full width of the chopper drum, i.e. not only in the belt grinder described, but also rotating or stationary grindstones, as described in DE 33 32 559 A1, US Pat. No. 4,603,513 and US Pat. No. 4,031,670.
    BE2019 / 0052
    Embodiment
    An exemplary embodiment of the invention is explained on the basis of the figures. Show it:
    1: a schematic side view of a self-propelled forage harvester, and
    2: a view of the chopper drum and the grinding device along the line 2-2 of Figure 1.
    1 shows a self-propelled forage harvester 10 in a schematic side view. The forage harvester 10 is built on a frame 12 which is supported by front driven wheels 14 and steerable rear wheels 16. The forage harvester 10 is operated from a driver's cab 18, from which a header 20 in the form of a pickup can be seen. By means of the header 20 harvested crop, z. B. grass or the like is fed via a feed conveyor 22 with pre-press rollers, which are arranged within a feed housing 24 on the front of the forage harvester 10, a chopper drum 26 arranged below the driver's cab 18, which chops it into small pieces in cooperation with a shear bar 40 and it gives up a conveyor 28. During the corn harvest, a post-processing device with two processor rollers 38 can be brought into engagement with the crop flow. The material leaves the forage harvester 10 to a transport vehicle traveling along it via a discharge shaft 30 which can be rotated about an approximately vertical axis and adjustable in inclination. In the following, directional information, such as laterally, below and above, relates to the forward movement direction V of the forage harvester 10, which in 1 runs to the right.
    In the rear area of the forage harvester 10 there is an internal combustion engine, which possibly drives a belt pulley 82 via an interposed angular gear, which drives a belt
    BE2019 / 0052 drives a pulley 86 coupled to the conveyor 28 and a pulley 88 coupled to the shaft 32 of the chopper drum 26.
    FIG. 2 shows a front view of the chopper drum 26 with the knives 34 distributed around its circumference for comminuting the crop. A grinding device 120 serves to sharpen the knives 34 as required, while the chopper drum 26 is preferably driven with a direction of rotation and / or a reduced speed that is opposite to the harvesting operation during a harvest break or before or after a working day. The chopper drum 26 can, as shown in FIG. 2, be provided with a closed drum casing or be manufactured as an open design.
    The grinding device 120 is designed as a so-called belt grinder. It comprises a first deflection roller 44 and a second deflection roller 46, around which an endless belt 42 (e.g. made of sanding or emery paper) equipped with abrasive abrasive bodies runs. The second deflection roller 46 can be rotated about its axis by a drive 48. The deflection rollers 44, 46 are mechanically coupled to a support element 50, which lies adjacent to the outer circumference of the chopper drum 26 on the inside of the belt 42 and extends over the entire width of the chopper drum 26 to support the belt 42 against the chopper drum 26 during grinding operation . The second deflection roller 46 is rotatable, but is otherwise rigidly coupled to the support element. The first deflection roller 44, which is supported in the lateral direction with respect to the support element 50 by suitable means with respect to FIG. 2, is pretensioned away from the second deflection roller 46 by a spring 52 or another prestressing element (for example a hydraulic cylinder) in order to tighten the band 42 . It would also be possible to drive the first deflection roller 44 with the drive 48.
    BE2019 / 0052
    Means are provided to adjust the belt 42 relative to the chopper drum 26 in its radial direction. These means comprise two actuators 54, 56, which are designed here as double-acting hydraulic cylinders, but can also be designed as rotary or linear electrical adjustment drives. The actuators 54, 56 are coupled at one end each in the vicinity of a lateral end of the support element 50 and the other end is supported on the frame 12. A valve assembly 58 is connected to a reservoir 64 and a pump 66 and each of the two chambers of the actuators 56 and is controlled by an electronic control device 94, which is also connected to an operator interface 98 and two sensors 60, 62, each in the vicinity one end of the support device 50 and an actuator 54, 56 are positioned. The sensors 60, 62 detect (acoustic) vibrations which arise when the band 42 comes into contact with the knives 34 and are passed on to the sensors 60 and 62 by the air and / or the support element 50. In a possible, different embodiment, the sensors 60, 62 could also detect the force exerted by an actuator 54, 56 on the support element 50, which changes as soon as the band 42 comes into contact with the knives 34.
    All of this results in the following mode of operation of the grinding device 120. In normal harvesting operation, the actuators 54, 56 are retracted and the belt 42 is spaced from the knives 34. In this state, the chopper drum 26 can be shielded from the chopper drum 26 by a closed flap (not shown). Should a grinding process of the knives 34 prove to be sensible, which can be detected by a sensor (not shown, but see, for example, DE 10 2011 005 317 A1) or communicated to the control device 94 by the operator input device 98, the control device 94 and her actuators actuated the drive 48 and opened the flap. Then the actuators 54, 56 are extended until one of the sensors 60 or 62 detects a contact of the band 42 with the knives 34 and then only the other actuator 56, 54, the sensor 60, 62 associated with it, has not yet detected any contact
    BE2019 / 0052 has continued to press until its sensor 60, 62 also detects a contact. The support element 50 is now aligned parallel to the circumference of the chopper drum 26 and the grinding process can begin. In this case, a fixed number of cycles or which can be entered by the operator into the user interface 98 can be carried out, during which the grinding device 120 is successively fed in parallel to the chopper drum 26 by the actuators 54, 56. Finally, the grinding device 120 remains for a certain time for so-called finishing and is then brought back into the rest position by the actuators 54, 56. Finally, the drive 48 is switched off and the flap is closed.
    When grinding, the speed of the drive 48 can be predetermined by the operator via the operator interface 94. There is also the possibility of varying the speed of the drive 48 during the grinding by operator input or selection via the operator interface 94 or a sequence which can be permanently programmed into the control device 94. For example, the speed of the drive 48 could be relatively high at the start of the grinding process and later slowed down or stopped entirely.
    The described procedure for adjusting the position of the grindstone can be used with any type of grindstone that extends across the entire width of the chopper drum, i.e. not only with the belt grinder described, but also with rotating or stationary grindstones that rotate about their longitudinal axis that is parallel to the axis of rotation of the chopper drum. In this case, an actuator 45, 56 would be assigned to both ends of the grindstone.
    权利要求:
    Claims (6)
    [1]
    PATENT CLAIMS
    1. forage harvester (10) with a chopper drum (26) equipped with knives (34) and a grinding device (120) extending over the width of the chopper drum (26) for sharpening the knives (34) of the chopper drum (26), characterized in that that the grinding device (120) is designed as a belt grinder.
    [2]
    2. Forage harvester (10) according to claim 1, wherein the grinding device (120) comprises a first deflection roller (44) and a second deflection roller (46) around which a belt (42) equipped on the outside with grinding wheels rotates, one of the deflection rollers (44 , 46) can be set in rotation by a drive (48).
    [3]
    3. forage harvester (10) according to claim 2, wherein the deflection rollers (44, 46) individually or together in the radial direction of the chopper drum (26) are adjustable.
    [4]
    4. forage harvester (10) according to claim 2 or 3, wherein between the deflection rollers (44, 46) with the deflection rollers (44, 46) mechanically coupled support element (50) the outer circumference of the chopper drum (26) adjacent to the inside of the belt (42) extends across the width of the chopper drum (26) and supports the belt (42) in grinding operation against the chopper drum (26).
    [5]
    5. forage harvester (10) according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the adjustment of the deflection rollers (44, 46) is carried out by actuators (54, 56) by a control device (94) based on signals from sensors (60, 62) for detection a contact between the belt (42) and the knives (34) can be controlled.
    [6]
    6. forage harvester (10) according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the speed of the drive (48) is adjustable.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    BE1026408B1|2020-07-28|
    DE102018211862A1|2020-01-23|
    BE1026408A1|2020-01-23|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US3654738A|1970-09-11|1972-04-11|Timesavers Sanders|Method of and apparatus for effecting superior sanding|
    US4031670A|1975-12-29|1977-06-28|Murphy C J|Adjustable sharpener for self-sharpening feed chopping knives|
    US4503643A|1982-11-15|1985-03-12|Hesston Corporation|Sharpener assembly for the cutting cylinder of a crop harvester|
    US4603513A|1984-11-28|1986-08-05|Murphy Charles J|Motor driven feed sharpener|
    US4843767A|1988-03-28|1989-07-04|Deere & Company|Automatic forage harvester knife sharpening system|
    DE102011005317B4|2011-03-09|2017-08-17|John Deere GmbH & Co. KG|Measuring system for determining the state of wear of chopping knives|
    DE102011052538A1|2011-08-09|2013-02-14|Siempelkamp Maschinen- Und Anlagenbau Gmbh & Co. Kg|Device for sharpening knives of a knife ring for a knife ring chipper|
    DE102013201633B3|2013-01-31|2014-03-27|Deere & Company|Device for adjusting position of counter-blade relative to blade of chaff device used in e.g. chaff cutter, has two adjustment drives that move counter-blade in parallel position corresponding to desired cutting gap between both blades|DE102020110470A1|2020-04-17|2021-10-21|Glaß & Wolff Metalltechnik GmbH & Co. KG|Grinding device for grinding cutting units and reprocessing system for reprocessing used cutting units|
    CN112846956A|2021-02-05|2021-05-28|新疆牧神机械有限责任公司|Sharpening device and sharpening method for silage harvester|
    法律状态:
    2020-08-26| FG| Patent granted|Effective date: 20200728 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102018211862.0A|DE102018211862A1|2018-07-17|2018-07-17|Forage harvester with a chopper drum and a grinding device|
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